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wholesale sterling silver body jewelry Russia's monetary system and monetary policy
. Russia's currency system
(1) Russian bank
Essence The Russian Bank was founded in July 1990 and was formerly the Russian Republic of the Soviet Central Bank. According to the Russian Constitution, Russian banks are responsible for ensuring the stability of currency and issuing currency. According to the "Russian Federal Central Bank Law", the specific responsibilities of the Russian bank mainly include: the formulation of monetary policy; issuing currency, managing currency circulation; the last lender of the credit institution, management re -loan system; formulating Russian settlement rules; formulating banking management rules ; Manager State Treasury; Management of Russian Bank of International Reserve; responsible for the market access and exit management of credit institutions; supervision credit institutions and banking groups; approval of securities issuance of credit institutions; organizations and implementation of foreign exchange management; analysis and predicting the economic situation of Russia and regions, Especially the status of currency, foreign exchange, finance and price, related information and statistics.
The banks of Russian banks have the operation of the banking council management bank. The functional departments are: the Department of Economic Comprehensive, Research Information Department, Cash Flowing Department, Payment System Management Monitoring Department, Settlement Management Department, Accounting Reporting Department, Credit Credit, Credit Institutional permission department, bank supervision department, credit institution inspection department, market operation department, market service department, financial monitoring and foreign exchange management department, international revenue and expenditure department, budget system accounting service department, legal department, external and public relations department, information system department, information system department, and information system department , Personnel Department, Branch Department, Ministry of Finance, Internal Audit and Supervision, International Finance and Economic Relations, Ministry of Administration. The Russian Bank has 79 regional branches in various regions.
The capital and property of Russian banks belong to the Russian Federation, but according to the Russian Constitution and the "Russian Federal Central Bank Law", the Russian bank is independent of the federal government and local governments to exercise its powers. Both the Russian government and the Russian bank are not responsible for each other's liabilities. The Russian Bank is responsible for the Russian Federal State Duma. The governor of the Russian bank is appointed and removed by the National Duma in accordance with the suggestion of Russia's president. Members of the Russian Bank of Russia are appointed by the country's Duma in accordance with the advice of the Russian governor (the presidential consent). The National Dumaco requires the Russian Federal Audit Office to audit the operating situation of Russian banks. Russian banks must report annual reports and monetary policy implementation to the country's Duma.
(2) Russia's currency
Russian currency name is ruble.俄罗斯纸币有7种面值：5卢布、10卢布、50卢布、100卢布、500卢布、1000卢布、5000卢布；硬币有7种面值： 1戈比、5戈比、10戈比、50戈比、1卢布、2 Ruble, 5 rubles.
. The monetary policy of Russia
(1) Monetary policy goals
in recent years, the goal of Russian monetary policy is to reduce inflation and Keep the currency stable. In 2006, the specific goal of the monetary policy set by the Russian Bank was that consumer prices rose by not more than 8.5%, and the core inflation rate was between 7%-8%.
(2) Monetary policy tools
1. Open market operations
The main ways to disclose central bank bonds for public market operations Federal government bonds, repurchase operations, currency swaps, etc.
2, Deposit Operation
Eximation of Paragraph 4 and 46 of the Russian Federal Central Bank Law, Russian banks can adjust to credit institutions to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits adjust The liquidity of the banking department. At present, Russian banks have two types of deposit operations: fixed interest rates and auction interest rates. The fixed interest rate deposit operation is carried out every day, and the deposit auction is carried out every Thursday. Credit institutions can quote to Russian banks through Russian bank regional branches, Reuters trading systems and electronic trading systems (MICEX).
3, re -loan
According to the "Russian Federal Central Bank Law", Russian Bank as the last lender is responsible for organizing a re -loan system and setting procedures and conditions for re -loan. Russian bank re -loan can be divided into two types according to the type and loan conditions of the loan mortgage. The first is a re -loan with bonds on the Russian financial list. The bill is agreed to be mortgaged, claimed or re -loan guaranteed by a credit institution. Russian bank re -loan can be divided into daily loans, overnight loans, one week loan, one week loan, two -week loan, and a longer -term loan, but the loan period generally does not exceed 180 days.
4, deposit reserves
The "Russian Federal Central Bank Law" clearly stipulates that the deposit reserve is one of the tools of Russian monetary policy. After the business permit issued by the bank, the deposit reserve regulations must be complied with. Russian banks do not pay interest on deposit reserve. The decision to adjust the deposit reserve ratio is made by the Russian Banking Council, and the Russian Bank of Russia manages the reserve amount stored by the credit institution monthly.
(3) The transparency of monetary policy
Russian banks disclose the relevant information of monetary policy decisions and implementation through the following ways: 1. Release the "Monetary Situation and Monetary Policy Report every quarter "; 2. Release the" Russian Bank Annual Report "every year, analyze the Russian economic and financial situation, and announce the implementation of monetary policy; 3. Formulate the" Guidelines for Monetary Policy "to explain the application of monetary policy goals, tools and monetary policy instruments; 4. Regular time Release the "Bank of Statistics" to announce indicators such as deposit operations, re -loan, deposit reserves;
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wholesale insect jewelry Russia's monetary system and monetary policy
. Russia's currency system
(1) Russian bank
Essence The Russian Bank was founded in July 1990 and was formerly the Russian Republic of the Soviet Central Bank. According to the Russian Constitution, Russian banks are responsible for ensuring the stability of currency and issuing currency. According to the "Russian Federal Central Bank Law", the specific responsibilities of the Russian bank mainly include: the formulation of monetary policy; issuing currency, managing currency circulation; the last lender of the credit institution, management re -loan system; formulating Russian settlement rules; formulating banking management rules ; Manager State Treasury; Management of Russian Bank of International Reserve; responsible for the market access and exit management of credit institutions; supervision credit institutions and banking groups; approval of securities issuance of credit institutions; organizations and implementation of foreign exchange management; analysis and predicting the economic situation of Russia and regions, Especially the status of currency, foreign exchange, finance and price, related information and statistics.
The banks of Russian banks have the operation of the banking council management bank. The functional departments are: the Department of Economic Comprehensive, Research Information Department, Cash Flowing Department, Payment System Management Monitoring Department, Settlement Management Department, Accounting Reporting Department, Credit Credit, Credit Institutional permission department, bank supervision department, credit institution inspection department, market operation department, market service department, financial monitoring and foreign exchange management department, international revenue and expenditure department, budget system accounting service department, legal department, external and public relations department, information system department, information system department, and information system department , Personnel Department, Branch Department, Ministry of Finance, Internal Audit and Supervision, International Finance and Economic Relations, Ministry of Administration. The Russian Bank has 79 regional branches in various regions.
The capital and property of Russian banks belong to the Russian Federation, but according to the Russian Constitution and the "Russian Federal Central Bank Law", the Russian bank is independent of the federal government and local governments to exercise its powers. Both the Russian government and the Russian bank are not responsible for each other's liabilities. The Russian Bank is responsible for the Russian Federal State Duma. The governor of the Russian bank is appointed and removed by the National Duma in accordance with the suggestion of Russia's president. Members of the Russian Bank of Russia are appointed by the country's Duma in accordance with the advice of the Russian governor (the presidential consent). The National Dumaco requires the Russian Federal Audit Office to audit the operating situation of Russian banks. Russian banks must report annual reports and monetary policy implementation to the country's Duma.
(2) Russia's currency
Russian currency name is ruble.俄罗斯纸币有7种面值：5卢布、10卢布、50卢布、100卢布、500卢布、1000卢布、5000卢布；硬币有7种面值： 1戈比、5戈比、10戈比、50戈比、1卢布、2 Ruble, 5 rubles.
. The monetary policy of Russia
(1) Monetary policy goals
in recent years, the goal of Russian monetary policy is to reduce inflation and Keep the currency stable. In 2006, the specific goal of the monetary policy set by the Russian Bank was that consumer prices rose by not more than 8.5%, and the core inflation rate was between 7%-8%.
(2) Monetary policy tools
1. Open market operations
The main ways to disclose central bank bonds for public market operations Federal government bonds, repurchase operations, currency swaps, etc.
2, Deposit Operation
Eximation of Paragraph 4 and 46 of the Russian Federal Central Bank Law, Russian banks can adjust to credit institutions to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits adjust The liquidity of the banking department. At present, Russian banks have two types of deposit operations: fixed interest rates and auction interest rates. The fixed interest rate deposit operation is carried out every day, and the deposit auction is carried out every Thursday. Credit institutions can quote to Russian banks through Russian bank regional branches, Reuters trading systems and electronic trading systems (MICEX).
3, re -loan
According to the "Russian Federal Central Bank Law", Russian Bank as the last lender is responsible for organizing a re -loan system and setting procedures and conditions for re -loan. Russian bank re -loan can be divided into two types according to the type and loan conditions of the loan mortgage. The first is a re -loan with bonds on the Russian financial list. The bill is agreed to be mortgaged, claimed or re -loan guaranteed by a credit institution. Russian bank re -loan can be divided into daily loans, overnight loans, one week loan, one week loan, two -week loan, and a longer -term loan, but the loan period generally does not exceed 180 days.
4, deposit reserves
The "Russian Federal Central Bank Law" clearly stipulates that the deposit reserve is one of the tools of Russian monetary policy. After the business permit issued by the bank, the deposit reserve regulations must be complied with. Russian banks do not pay interest on deposit reserve. The decision to adjust the deposit reserve ratio is made by the Russian Banking Council, and the Russian Bank of Russia manages the reserve amount stored by the credit institution monthly.
(3) The transparency of monetary policy
Russian banks disclose the relevant information of monetary policy decisions and implementation through the following ways: 1. Release the "Monetary Situation and Monetary Policy Report every quarter "; 2. Release the" Russian Bank Annual Report "every year, analyze the Russian economic and financial situation, and announce the implementation of monetary policy; 3. Formulate the" Guidelines for Monetary Policy "to explain the application of monetary policy goals, tools and monetary policy instruments; 4. Regular time Release the "Bank of Statistics" to announce indicators such as deposit operations, re -loan, deposit reserves;
(Data Source: Russian Bank website: http://www.cbr.ru)
shoe jewelry holder wholesale 2. Russia's monetary policy
(1) Monetary policy goals
In recent years, the goal of Russian monetary policy is to reduce inflation rate and keep currency stability. In 2006, the specific goal of the monetary policy set by the Russian Bank was that consumer prices rose by not more than 8.5%, and the core inflation rate was between 7%-8%.
(2) Monetary policy tools
1. Open market operations
The main ways to disclose central bank bonds for public market operations Federal government bonds, repurchase operations, currency swaps, etc.
2, Deposit Operation
Eximation of Paragraph 4 and 46 of the Russian Federal Central Bank Law, Russian banks can adjust to credit institutions to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits to adjust deposits adjust The liquidity of the banking department. At present, Russian banks have two types of deposit operations: fixed interest rates and auction interest rates. The fixed interest rate deposit operation is carried out every day, and the deposit auction is carried out every Thursday. Credit institutions can quote to Russian banks through Russian bank regional branches, Reuters trading systems and electronic trading systems (MICEX).
3, re -loan
According to the "Russian Federal Central Bank Law", Russian Bank as the last lender is responsible for organizing a re -loan system and setting procedures and conditions for re -loan. Russian bank re -loan can be divided into two types according to the type and loan conditions of the loan mortgage. The first is a re -loan with bonds on the Russian financial list. The bill is agreed to be mortgaged, claimed or re -loan guaranteed by a credit institution. Russian bank re -loan can be divided into daily loans, overnight loans, one week loan, one week loan, two -week loan, and a longer -term loan, but the loan period generally does not exceed 180 days.
4, deposit reserves
The "Russian Federal Central Bank Law" clearly stipulates that the deposit reserve is one of the tools of Russian monetary policy. After the business permit issued by the bank, the deposit reserve regulations must be complied with. Russian banks do not pay interest on deposit reserve. The decision to adjust the deposit reserve ratio is made by the Russian Banking Council, and the Russian Bank of Russia manages the reserve amount stored by the credit institution monthly.
(3) The transparency of monetary policy
Russian banks disclose the relevant information of monetary policy decisions and implementation through the following ways: 1. Release the "Monetary Situation and Monetary Policy Report every quarter "; 2. Release the" Russian Bank Annual Report "every year, analyze the Russian economic and financial situation, and announce the implementation of monetary policy; 3. Formulate the" Guidelines for Monetary Policy "to explain the application of monetary policy goals, tools and monetary policy instruments; 4. Regular time Release the "Bank of Statistics" to announce indicators such as deposit operations, re -loan, deposit reserves;
(Data Source: Russian Bank website: http://www.cbr.ru)
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